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Related knowledge about automotive water pump shaft bearings

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Related knowledge about automotive water pump shaft bearings

Date:2020-04-21 Author: Click:

As the core engine of the automobile, the water pump shaft bearing is developing towards high power and high efficiency. Therefore, higher performance requirements are put forward for the water pump bearing. For example, it has higher heat resistance, larger load-bearing capacity and good sealing performance. RTL water pump bearing is a new type of structural bearing developed to meet the above needs. It is essentially a double-supported shaft system with a simplified structure. The two supported bearings do not have inner rings. The raceways of the rolling elements are directly made on the shaft. The two supported bearing outer rings are made into a whole. The two sides are sealed with seals to form the assembly of the shaft sleeve. Under the same bearing capacity, its radial dimension is smaller than that of a general type bearing; under the same radial size condition, its bearing capacity is greater than that of a general type bearing. Because of its good rigidity, rotation, simple structure, and convenient assembly and disassembly, many western developed countries such as the United States, Japan, Germany, etc. have adopted shaft bearings with this structure. At present, some automobile cooling water pump bearings in China have not adopted this advanced structure, but still use two deep groove ball bearings and shafts to form a shaft system. This type of structure has many links, complex assembly procedures, low efficiency, and poor rigidity. It is being replaced by advanced water pump shaft bearings. The various water pump shaft bearings developed by RTL have been widely used in domestic automobiles and imported models.


The water pump is composed of a water pump housing, shaft bearing, water seal, impeller, fan and transmission parts. Shaft bearing is an important part of water pump. Due to the high speed of the water pump, the speed of the general water pump is up to 6000r/min, and the speed of the high-speed water pump is up to 9000r/min. Therefore, the shaft bearing is required to have a high load-bearing capacity, so as to meet the requirements of the pump life at a certain speed. . The space position of the water pump is restricted, the heat dissipation area is small, and the working conditions are bad. Therefore, the shaft bearing should be able to meet the requirements of maintaining normal operation under high temperature without reducing the bearing capacity of the bearing. The sealing of the bearing has certain difficulties, and its sealing reliability and durability will directly affect the usability of the water pump. In short, the bearing capacity, working clearance and sealing performance of the shaft bearing are the three important performance indicators that affect the performance of the water pump. With the development of the car in the direction of high speed, high reliability, and low energy consumption, the cooling water pump also requires weight. Light, small, large flow, high speed development, shaft bearing is a new type of bearing with large carrying capacity, good rigidity, high rotation accuracy, long service life, reasonable structure and reliable operation. At present, it is not only widely used in automobile cooling water pumps, but also widely used in textile machinery and engineering machinery.


专业汽车水泵轴连轴承

Selection and heat treatment of bearing materials for automobile water pump shafts:


   The steel used for conventional shaft-connected bearings (including shaft, outer ring, steel ball roller) is high-carbon chromium bearing steel (GCr15). Because high-quality bearing steel is smelted through vacuum deoxidation, electromagnetic stirring, and has less oxide content, it can withstand greater contact pressure stress while also withstanding greater high variable tensile stress. After heat treatment, the hardness of the shaft raceway It is 58-62HRC. The hardness of the ring raceway is 60-64HRC, and the hardness of steel balls and rollers is 61-65HRC. When the shaft and outer ring are made of carburized bearing steel, the raceway hardness is 60-64HRC. The material of the cage is usually reinforced nylon 66, and the material of the sealing ring is generally nitrile rubber. When the requirements are higher, the expensive fluoro rubber sealing ring can also be used.


Bearing clearance of automobile water pump shaft:


The conventional shaft bearing clearance during manufacturing is based on the radial clearance: in the case of no special requirements and no load, the radial clearance is 15-35um, and the user reasonably chooses the matching interference between the outer ring and the seat hole The amount is very important. Excessive interference will sharply reduce the radial clearance of the bearing, damage the bearing, and make the water pump unable to work normally. In actual work, in addition to the above reasons, it is also necessary to consider the temperature rise. The thermal expansion reduces the amount of clearance.


Bearing lubrication of automobile water pump shaft:


As the water pump shaft bearing works at high speed and high temperature, the lubrication conditions directly affect the operating life of the shaft and shaft, so we should try to use the same type of high-grade grease and seal ring with higher dropping point and better consistency. Generally, radial contact seals with larger interference are also used to ensure that the bearing does not lose oil for many years.


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